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Last updated November 3, 2024
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Historical Archive: Bulls, Calves, Cows, and Oxen
See also see Nativity, grouped evangelists, and Saint Luke.
bull's head: copper, mother of pearl, lapis lazuli; mid 3rd millennium BCE Tello (Girsu), Louvre AO 2676. For another view see Louvre.
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lyre/harp, Ur c.2550-2450 BCE, Penn B17694A/B, which has its own page
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limestone game board with bulls from Balawat (Imgur Enlil; Iraq), early 1st millennium BCE, Louvre AO 14049 bis
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Neo-Elamite rhyton in the form of a zebu bull, earthenware, from Amlash (Iran) c.1000-800 BCE, IMA 75.301. For another view see IMA.
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bull, top? belt plaque, cast bronze, late 1st millennium BCE, SF 1952.48. For profile view see SF.
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votive cow from Veii, ceramic, 3rd-2nd c. BCE Italy, KM 0000.00.1771
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2 cattle, green plasma intaglio (chalcedony), late 1st c. BCE-mid 1st c. CE, MStA. For other views see MStA.
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Hercules and the Cretan bull, ivory, probably 1st c., BM 1814/7-4/1652
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Celtic gold arm band from Transylvania (Roman period?), HNM
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Taurus, lower left: unfinished Zodiac, marble, 2nd c. Roman, SMB AS SK1050. For oblique view see Berlin.
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funerary monument of Flavia Usiau: ox-drawn cart, 2nd half of 2nd c., Tác-Gorsium (Roman Herculia). This work has its own page.
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Mithras relief from Fiano Romano: Mithras and the Bull, 2nd or 3rd c., marble, Louvre MND 1911
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Mithras fr. City of London temple, marble, late 2nd-early 3rd c., MoL A16933
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Mithras and the Bull from Dormagen, c.200 AD, limestone, RLM
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ox-cart: pastoral sarcophagus with lid from Via Prenestina (Christian?), painted and gilt, late 3rd/early 4th c., Vat 31485 (ex 150). This work has its own page.
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Mithras and the Bull from Gimmeldingen, sandstone?, 325, HMP. For view with inscription see For another view see HMP.
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bovine, upper left below antelope: hunt, Italy? c.350-400, bronze/silver/copper, Louvre Br 3448/MND 889. For details see Louvre.
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Junius Bassus sarcophagus, c.359, marble, Vat Tesoro 31529.3.1-3, which has its own page
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ox-cart: Shepherd sarcophagus from Catacomb of Praetextatus (Three Shepherds Sarcophagus; Christian?), marble c.370-400, Vat 31554 (ex 191A). This work has its own page.
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Scenes from the life of St. Paul, and Adam in Paradise, diptych c.400, Bargello, Florence
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bull, center top: Cathedra of Maximian, ivory, 546-56, RavArchMus, which has its own page
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dream of Pharaoh: Cathedra of Maximian, ivory, 546-56, RavArchMus, which has its own page
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"The Burghead Bull", Pictish stone slab from Burghead, Morayshire, Grampian, Scotland, 7th c., BM MME 1861,10-24,1
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bull on square capital, oolithic limestone, 9th to 10th c., Brescia Museum of Santa Giulia. For frontal view see Brescia.
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Taurus: Apostles casket, ivory c.870, BNM MA 174-176, which has its own page
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Veroli Casket, ivory and bone, mid to late 10th c., V&A 216-1865. This work has its own page with another bull.
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lion attacking steer, attacked by gryphon: Rosette Casket, wood/ivory/bone, Italo-Byzantine, 11th-12th c., Arezzo MS, which has its own page
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center: Last Judgment, tempera, Nicholas and Johannes 1061-71, Vat 40526, which has its own page
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sculpture 1173-78, Pisa campanile, which has its own page, in cathedral complex
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hunting frieze: hare, dog; bull, dog, hunter... west façade completed by 1180, Pisa cathedral, which has its own pages
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Sainte Chapelle stained glass: possessions of Job taken, 13th c. glass in 15th c. window, Cluny DS 1896 bis
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plowing, second down: portal sculpture early 13th c., Pisa baptistery, which has its own page, in cathedral complex
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lions attacking bovine, center: reliquary fr. Filefjell, copper gilt, Norway 1230-50, Bergen MA 52, which has its own page
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Creation mosaic (retouched) c.1270-75, Baptistery of St. John, Florence. This work has its own pages.
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Giovanni Pisano pulpit 1302-10, which has its own page, in Pisa cathedral
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Creation: Kloster Wienhausen nuns' choir, painted c.1335, which has its own page
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herds of Jacob: Baptistery, cathedral of Padua, 1376 frescoes: Giusto de' Menabuoi. This work has its own pages.
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left center bottom: front of an oak chest with heraldic and fantastic beasts, Lower Saxony c.1380, KGM 1884,1688
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Rape of Europa; Ganymede, 16th c. Majolica platter (coppa amatoria), shop of Girolamo di Lanfranco dalle Gabicce, Arezzo MS 14591
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horned cow: Joachim Engelhart von Rindtorff (d. 1667), epitaph or poss. marker for 1621 donation, brass, HildMus G45. For full work see Hildesheim funerary monuments.
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battle between lion and zebu bull (left): covered cup with allegory of Africa, zebu horn, circle of Georg Pfründt c.1680, KGM K 3429, which has its own page
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bottom: Zaharija Orfelin, Serbian perpetual calendar, Vienna 1783, Belgrade MAA 608. For full opening see Belgrade MAA.
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Luigi Pichler, Farnese Bull c.1798-1818, glass intaglio, UCh 1989.5. This work has its own page.
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